πατρός

πατήρ, πατρός, πατέρα

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: `father' (Il.); for the inflection Schwyzer 567.

Other forms: Myc. pate.

Compounds: Many compp., e.g. πατρο-φόνος `parricidal, parricide' (trag., Pl.) with metr. condit. acc. -ῆα (Od.), also -φόντης m. f. `id.' (S.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 24 n. 4 a. 239 n. 1), πατρ-αλοίας s. ἀλωή; ἀ-πάτωρ `fatherless' (trag., Pl.); Άπατούρια s. v. On the compp. Sommer Nominalkomp. 141 ff. (esp. ὄ-πατρος a. ὀβριμο-πάτρη; cf. s. vv.), Risch IF 59, 17.

Derivatives: 1. Dimin.: πατρ-ίδιον n. (com.), also πατέρ-ιον (Luc.) with -ίων m. (late; from voc. πάτερ; -ίων like μαλακ-ίων a.o.), Georgacas Glotta 36, 175f., Maas Mél. Bq 2, 130 f. -- 2. πάτρ-α, Ion. -η f. `paternal ancestry, tribe; native city, country, fatherland' (Il.; Wackernagel Festg. Kaegi 57ff. = Kl. Schr. 1, 485ff.). -- 3. πατρ-ιά, Ion. -ιή f. `paternal ancestry, lineage, family' (Hdt., El., Delph., LXX, NT; Wackernagel l.c., Scheller Oxytonierung 71 f.) with -ιώτης, Dor. -ιώτας, f. -ιῶτις `from the same lineage, native, fellow-countryman' (Att., Troizen, Delphi V<sup>a</sup>), -ιωτικός `belonging to fellow-countrymen, fatherland' (Delphi IV^a, Arist.). -- 4. πάτρ-ιος `paternal, hereditary, customary' (Pi., IA.), f. πατρ-ίς `paternal, fatherland' (Il.); younger πατρ-ικός `paternal' (Democr., Att., hell.); in the same meaning also πατρώϊος s. on 7. πάτρως. -- 5. πατρ-όθεν `from one's father' (Il). -- 6. εὑ-πατρ-ίδης, Dor. -ίδας, f. -ις `of a noble father, noble', usu. as name of the Oldatt. nobles (trag., Att.), opposite κακο-πατρ-ίδας, f. -ις (Alc., Thgn.; Wackernagel Glotta 14, 50f. = Kl. Schr. 2, 858f.). -- 7. πάτρως, -ωος a. -ω m. `male relative, esp. father's brother, uncle' (Pi., Cret., Ion. Att.); formation like μήτρως (s.v.); Lat. patruus, Skt. pitr̥vyà- `id.' (e.g. Schmeja IF 68, 22). From it πατρώ-ϊος, πατρῳ̃ος `belonging to the paternal clan, paternal' = πάτρως, πατρικός (Il.), cf. μητρώ-ϊος and Wackernagel Festg. Kaegi 50ff. = Kl. Schr. 1,478ff.; on πατρικός also Chantraine Études (s. Index). -- 8. πατρωός m. `stepfather' (hell.; formation unclear ); also πατρυιός (late, after μητρυιά, s.v.). -- 9. Verbs: πατερ-ίζω (Ar. V. 652) `to call father' (from voc.), -εύω `to hold office of πατηρ πόλεως (πατερ-ία)' (Miletos VI<sup>p</sup>); πατρ-ῴζω `to take after one's father' (Philostr., Alciphr.; cf. μητρ-ῴζω), -ιάζω `id.' (Poll.); also *πατρίζω \> lat. patrissāre `id.' (Leumann Die Sprache 1, 207 = Kl. Schr. 174). -- On πατήρ w. derivv. also Chantraine REGr. 59-60, 219ff.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [829] *ph₂tēr `father'

Etymology: Old inherited word for `father' (as head of the family), in most IE languages retained, e.g. Skt. pitár-, Lat. pater, Germ., e.g. Goth. fadar. With πάτριος agree Skt. pítriya und Lat. patrius; with ὁμο-πάτωρ, -πάτριος `from the same father' (Att. resp. Ion. Att.) OPers. hama-pitar- resp. OWNo. sam-feðr; on possible cognates of πάτρως s. above 7. -- Further forms w. rich lit. in WP. 2, 4, Pok. 829 and in separate dictionaries.

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